The Government of the Maldives is undertaking a project on the conservation and sustainable use of globally significant biological diversity in the Maldives’ Baa Atoll. The “Atoll Ecosystem Conservation (AEC) project” is co-financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and implemented through UNDP.
In the Maldives, atoll ecosystems literally provide the basis for the country’s existence as well as life-supporting services such as shoreline protection and goods upon which the economy entirely depends such as fish and tourism. However, social and economic change is altering consumptive behavior and livelihood strategies, outpacing institutional capacity and sectoral programs to adequately manage it. This in turn is threatening the natural endowment that is essential to maintaining the structure and function of atoll ecosystems, the viability of globally significant biological diversity, and the livelihoods and environmental security of the people.
Most important policy decisions affecting biodiversity have been taken at the level of individual sectors, such as infrastructure, fisheries, and tourism. Government initiatives to manage change and mitigate the impacts caused by it have been rooted in sectoral approaches, resulting in narrow, sectoral institutions, policies, and interventions.
The AEC project aims to design and demonstrate a model system for atoll ecosystem conservation, which can be replicated across the Maldives. From the 26 atolls of the Maldives archipelago, Baa Atoll was selected as the pilot for the AEC project because it is an area of globally significant biodiversity which characterizes the range of conservation issues currently facing the Maldives.
The AEC project vision is:
Baa Atoll: a world class model of atoll ecosystem conservation where sustainable use supports a prosperous economy and good quality of life for all, for ever - for replication across Maldives.
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The project’s three-pronged strategy is to:
- Introduce the ecosystem approach to policies and plans nationally and on Baa atoll
- Establish a model system for ecosystem conservation on Baa Atoll
- Support sustainable livelihoods development on Baa Atoll
By the end of the project, modified sectoral policies and programs will enable institutions to more effectively manage biodiversity. Government, local communities, and the private sector will be partnering to secure the long-term conservation of biodiversity in Baa Atoll. And, local people will be applying new knowledge and accessing new sources of financing in pursuit of alternative livelihoods. Additionally, the project is seeking to promote the nomination of Baa Atoll as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.
The baseline situation at the start of the AEC project was that there was no strategic conservation programme for Baa Atoll, and no human or financial resources devoted specifically to biodiversity conservation on the Atoll. At the project mid-term point in 2009, a biodiversity conservation programme had been designed and implementation begun, including the identification of key resource needs. During 2010, the nomination documents for the Baa Atoll Biosphere Reserve were submitted to UNESCO, with designation expected by mid 2011.
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